[hats] don't leave home without one

Nobody should leave home without a hat. They define us, protect us, keep the rain off us but which to choose? You could start downmarket, with a leather cap:

... or try an Akubra, Brit style:

Failing that, you can try it Aussie style:

... or American. For some people, the hat is them:

You don't even need a hat - Tess sports her own 'non-hat' design here:

... and this scruff, Nureyev, opts for the beanie or toque which has seen better days:

Of course, the trilby and its cousins are a step up in the right direction:

... but to really cut a dash, the bowler with traditional uniform:

... and not so traditional might be your thing.

Please don't wear the apple to the front though. It's meant to hang elegantly from the rear brim:

Some prefer the historic touch:

... or the dashing sheikh:

... but all black, I'm afraid, is strictly non-u:

Wide-brimmed hats are always fashionable either for him:

... her:

... or for the French, where line of vision is not a primary consideration:

If you're the outgoing type, you can adorn it with Moulin Rouge plumes:

Or just sport the plumes on their own. Let's face it, some people just cannot wear headgear:

... and for some, the hairstyle itself is the trademark:

It's hard to see the Banksy face mask going together with a hat:

When all is said and done, it's your choice. My personal favourite is the little number below:

[flight dynamics] twist, dihedral and wingtips

Great article on 2 December 2001, at aerospacewebdotorg, by Doug Jackson.

In answer to the question, ‘Why does an aeroplane’s wing twist?’ he addresses two issues: twist and the dihedral. Perhaps he should also address ‘angle of attack’.

Flight theory

If you look at a wing, as in the diagram below, you see a flat base and a curved top. As the air flows faster over the curved section, this creates low pressure and the difference from the high pressure base creates lift.

After that comes the Lift/Drag ratio and that depends on a number of things. Suffice to say that the higher the ratio, the more effective is the power.

If the base of an aeroplane’s wing is horizontal to the ground, the plane’s not going to take off; in a not dissimilar way, a sailboat will not go directly upwind. So the whole wing needs angling upwards towards the leading edge and this is angle of attack.



Twist

Doug Jackson writes:

In most aircraft, the airfoil twists down as we move along the wing further from the fuselage. This is referred to as "washout." Twist is applied to wings so that the outboard section of the wing does not stall first.

When an aircraft is pitching nose up and increasing its angle of attack, the airflow over the wing eventually reaches a point where it becomes turbulent, causing a loss in lift. By twisting the outboard portion of the wing down, the stall is delayed in that area, simply because the angle of attack is lower in that region.

Why is the outboard portion of the wing so important? It is because that is where the ailerons are located. By maintaining lift on the outboard portion of the wing, the pilot is still able to maintain roll control of the aircraft in the event of a stall.

This phenomenon of twist is well known in the sailing world too and is one reason why the solid wing boats, even Cogito:




… will not replace the soft wing:




… that reason being the capability of a soft sail to twist at the top. Cogito, in the top pic, was able, at great expense, to create twist and thus was untouchable on the race course. It’s the world champion.

Back to aeroplanes.

Dihedral

Dihedral is the upward angle of the wing from the vertical when seen from the front, or nose of the aircraft. If each wing is angled 5° up from the horizontal, then the wing is said to have 5° of dihedral.

Here is an example of dihedral:




The opposite of dihedral is called anhedral, and, of course, refers to a wing that is angled down. A good example of an aircraft with geometric anhedral is the Sea Harrier:




Effective dihedral is a little different:

Many aspects of an aircraft's configuration can effect its effective dihedral, but two major components are wing sweep and the wing location with respect to the fuselage (such as a low wing or high wing). As a rough estimation, 10° of sweepback on a wing provides about 1° of effective dihedral, while a high wing configuration can provide about 5° of effective dihedral over a low wing configuration.

All this talk of anhedral and dihedral leads to the question of why one would want use either of these on an aircraft. The simple answer is they provide lateral (roll) stability. Let's consider an aircraft rolling to the right. As it does so, the right wing produces more lift than left wing, causing the rolling motion. At the same time, however, this increased lift creates an increased drag, which causes the aircraft to yaw to the left, an effect known as adverse yaw. This is why pilots need to apply rudder in the direction of the turn.

Now let's consider the advantages of dihedral. When an aircraft with dihedral is yawing to the left, the dihedral causes the left wing to experience a greater angle of attack, which increases lift. This increased lift tends to cause the aircraft to then return to level flight. I know this is very confusing in words, but if you stick your arms out in the air and recreate all of these motions, it should make sense.

The end result of all of this is that dihedral tends to make an aircraft more stable.

For some aircraft, like fighters, stability really isn't a good thing. A slight instability in an aircraft leads to increased maneuverability, which is highly desirable in fighter and attack aircraft. This is why most aerobatic planes and military fighters utilize some amount of anhedral.

I know the Spitfire used dihedral:




… and was a fighter but almost all modern fighters use anhedral, e.g. the F18:




Large transports have both a high wing and a considerable amount of wing sweep, both of which create a large amount of effective dihedral. To counteract this large amount of dihedral, some geometric anhedral is required. Otherwise the aircraft would be overly stable, making turns extremely difficult, and an aircraft that can only fly in one direction isn't much use to anyone.

Anhedral applies to bombers as well.

Wingtips

It’s been shown in both the aeronautical world and in the aquanautical, that if you put perpendicular or angled tips on the ends of the wings [foils], you increase their efficiency.

This is because of the theory of flight. Those unbalanced pressures above and below the wing [or to windward and leeward in a yacht], cause air to try to make its way around the tip to the other side, creating vortices and drag.

To avoid this, rivet a vertical panel on the end of the wing and you’ve instantly increased the wing’s efficiency. This especially applies to yacht keels and was the centre of the controversy over Australia II’s victory in the America’s Cup in 1983.

So, you either know all this already or now you’ll look more closely at wings next time you’re near them.

[seven essential items] to make daily life possible

I don’t mean job, car, freedom from violence and a clean water supply but more mundane, daily things. The test of how essential they are to you would be that you must go out and replace them immediately if they were either lost or damaged.

My list would include:

1. The Mac. It’s showing some signs of aging now, given it’s almost constant use, up to 11 hours a day and what to do once it gives up the ghost I really don’t know.

2. My black vinyl/leather soft A4 folder/case with the zip. It cost about 400 roubles long ago and it’s been everywhere with me. It goes everywhere today.

3. The black leather cap. This fills the gap between the winter woollie beanie and the light cap of summer. I’ve lost it a few times and was almost beside myself until it was found.

4. Grotty black cloth rucksack. Designed to look appalling, I hoped to disguise the fact, with the local hooligans, that I carry my Mac in there and when I’m out, unless visiting, I try to look a bit downmarket.

5. The ASDA jacket. Black with a sort of olive-grey trim, it was bought last September, was meant to be for early autumn but went right through till now and needs a dry clean. It’s main advantage are the convenient pockets and flaps.

6. The bike. ’Nuff said and thanks for the loan.

7. The National Insurance number.

[friday caption time] death wish

[pfi defence special] self interest rules

Check this one out.

[sonus] understanding issues: part 3

This is part 3 of the Sonus series of articles on where the economy and society is really headed and who's to blame. Sonus names names - learn about Deepcapture, the LBMA and Eddie George. See why we're effed.

Part 2 of the series can be read here.




Towards the end of a Fiat currency life-span, when debt levels are becoming difficult to repay, the tendency on the part of the authorities to cheat, to hide the facts from the voters, increases.

As the cheating persists, the studied avoidance of tough decisions is evaded by repeated bubble blowing that creates the illusion of economic well-being, but is merely an increase in private, and public Debt levels There has been no REAL increase in GDP for the previous decade, despite political spin.

This illusion becomes more and more difficult to hide, and the activities increasingly necessary to hide the reality, the State inspired corruption, and conspiracy, becomes more intense and more widespread, and endemic.

Today inflation statistics are grossly manipulated, as are unemployment statistics, as are GDP statistics, together with most global commodities. These may, or may not convince professionals concerning the state of the economy, but in concert with a supine and a “Deep Captured” MSM, it makes for comic debate on the screen, and spin and propaganda for the sheeple.

Monetary authorities on both sides of the Atlantic have manipulated the price of gold throughout the 20th century, to keep the price near to the “official price” at which currencies could be exchanged under the Gold Standard. This was nothing new.
This is an early document from 1961, discussing this subject, in vague terms.

It wasn't until the Reagan era, when market volatility increased, and the 1987 US/UK market crash occurred that the “Presidential Working Group on Financial Markets” was established.

The Working Group on Financial Markets (also known as the President's Working Group on Financial Markets, the Working Group, and colloquially the Plunge Protection Team) was created by Executive Order 12631, signed on March 18th, 1988, by United States President Ronald Reagan.

The Group was established explicitly in response to events in the financial markets surrounding October 19th, 1987, (“Black Monday”) to give recommendations for legislative and private sector solutions for "enhancing the integrity, efficiency, orderliness, and competitiveness of [United States] financial markets and maintaining investor confidence".

As established by Executive Order 12631, the Working Group consists of:

0. The Secretary of the Treasury or his designee (as Chairman of the Working Group);
0. The Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, or his designee;
0. The Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or his designee; and
0. The Chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, or his designee.

In other words, parts of the Executive were now free, and instructed to, manipulate “free” markets, in order to help create the illusion of financial stability. The Fiat system, and the excessive use of debt, was beginning to show signs of stress.

This could not be allowed.

The inclusion of the leaders of the SEC, and the CFTC, on the Presidential Working Group on Financial Markets goes some way to explain the current enforcement problems, where oversight bodies have been criminally negligent , and persistently “looked the other way”. However, when Legally mandated oversight criteria are overridden by Executive Order, and obvious manipulation is conducted in the name of “Public Good”, lines in the sand become blurred, staff lose moral, and “things” happen.

Safe Haven explains that the working group has recently become far more pro-active in the markets, using money from the Fed, and linking it to the cessation in the publishing by the Fed, of M3, as increases in M3 were predictive of future market manipulations.

In other words, Fed created money was being used for market manipulation. Was there a legal mandate for that?

Once fraud, however well intentioned, becomes embedded in the system, it grows and spreads, and infects the thinking of all officials in the commission of their duties.

It is cancerous.

Like all cancers, it eventually destroys the host. The financial systems credibility of the US and UK are perilously near to that point, together with the entire economies of the G7, and probably G20, right now.

This is pure Opera.

And the Whistle Blower has his day of testimony ...

And it proved to be very revealing.

Further questioning was revealing.

There followed a further examination of Mr Markopolos, but it is difficult to find complete footage of this. Here are three revealing segments:

Here.

And here.

And Here.

DEEPCAPTURE explains this phenomenon in the US context, but it is present in the UK too.
Given the hearings running in the UK currently, concerning risk levels of bank lending, and the dismissal from employment of Risk assessors, and the promotion to FSA director level of those aggressively promoting risky lending practices, it becomes increasingly obvious that “Deep Capture” also exists in the UK. Banks in the UK have clearly, in the home market, been guilty of predatory lending practices, with home loans of more than 100% of equity, levered on MANY times the borrowers earnings multiples, and occasionally involving guarantees by parents of the borrowers. Teaser rates were in evidence, with extra-ordinary roll-over fees at the end of the initial period. Clearly these debts were beyond the borrowers ability to pay, and the banks and the UK Government, and the FSA knew it.

The revolving door of UK regulation was exposed by English bloggers.

Here.

And Here.

About 9minutes 30 seconds into the testimony of Mr Markopolos, above, mention was made of the state Attorneys General. It is important to realize at this point why Mr Elliot Spitzer was assassinated politically.

On Feb 14th 2008, Elliot Spitzer, US Attorney General penned an article for the Washington Post, “Predatory Lenders Partner in Crime”, explaining Federal corruption in the support for predatory bank lending practices, and explaining that EVERY US state had joined him in seeking curtailment of these practices, but had been prevented from doing so by legal actions of the Federal Gov't. The Federal Government was complicit in the sub-prime lending that is part of today's market problems, and was active in defending the practices.

Here is a link explaining it.

These are the very debts that were sliced and diced, fraudulently given triple “A” ratings by fraudulent ratings agencies soaked in moral hazard, and sold globally.

Understand this.

Given Government and Wall Street collusion here, this is typical of actions taken in a collapsing Fiat system, to obtain momentary profitability, and attempting to push the ultimate payment collapse further into the future. There was clear intent to involve the world financial markets, and foreign nations are now realising this, and are furious.

The future that we are now experiencing was anticipated, and WAS PLANNED.
I will return to this theme later.

The US Deepcapture link explaining the concept is here, and is vividly displayed by the previous links to the Madoff revelations.

And Karl explains Deepcapture in detail.

Ted Butler, an excellent writer, and campaigner for honesty, on the precious metal Silver, a monetary metal, has been pushing the CFTC for over a decade for an investigation of the clear and visible manipulation of the Silver Price, contained in figures published by the CFTC! At times the ounces short have approached the global annual output of Silver, yet in a decade of complaints, no action has been taken. The membership of the head of the CFTC on the Presidential Working Group on Financial Markets, explains the lack of action.

Here is the archive of his articles. Read them carefully, and understand.

Also understand that the same Bullion Banks involved in Silver manipulation are also involved in the manipulation of the price of Gold.

(Nothing happens in isolation, the mining of silver is often a by-product of Zinc, or other base metal mining operations. The current economic crisis resulting in collapsing commodity prices, has caused mine closures and in the future will cause commodity shortages with industry unable to respond speedily to renewed demand. The decades long suppression of Silver prices has resulted in either premature closure, or the non opening of mining projects. Silver has many industrial uses.)

These activities are not normal shorting. These banks do not cover after a price decline, they add to their position. That alone speaks of manipulation, together with their truly massive presence!

Who would do this? Who would benefit from the Silver price suppression, year after year?

The Bullion banks involved are all Federal Reserve Primary Dealers, - the owner of the Fiat currency!!!!!! And some are also members of the LBMA!!!!!!!!!!!

The CFTC is quite aggressively looking the other way!

A clear conspiracy on the part of the Fed/National Executives of US and UK is evident here.

And they don't even deny it!

Here is a quote from Eddie George.

Eddie George and Gold 
“We looked into the abyss if the gold price rose further. A further rise would have taken down one or several trading houses, which might have taken down all the rest in their wake. Therefore, at any price, at any cost, the central banks had to quell the gold price, manage it. It was very difficult to get the gold price under control but we have now succeeded. The U.S. Fed was very active in getting the gold price down. So was the U.K.” 
Eddie George, Bank of England, September 1999.

In other words, trading houses were short, in massive values relative to their abilities. If they went down, the price of gold would spike, and more short positioned institutions would fail if they were forced to cover. They therefore got help from the Fed, and the UK.

His mention of the Abyss shows how great the long position was.

“at any price, at any cost” is significant don't you think?

What was at stake?

Eddie George was the Governor of the Bank of England, responsible for the Fiat currency of the UK, and freely admits to manipulating allegedly “free” markets for the benefit of “trading houses”.

Could the viability of the UK Fiat currency have been under threat?

The US Fed cannot intervene in these markets, it would have used the same bullion banks/primary dealers as proxies.

And we are lead to believe that the LBMA am, and pm, price setting is free from B of E, and political pressure!!

Here is a graph that clearly shows the effect of announced Gold Sales.

And in case you were wondering, these are the parties suppressing the price of Gold, every day.

On 12th February, Rob Kirby tackled the disparity in the two accepted measures used to set the global price of oil.

Rob says “Monetary authorities induced highly levered hedge funds.....[...]..... dollar hegemony was threatened”.

Actually they did it via a global, concerted, margin call on every hedge fund on their loan book. Hedgie concerted selling to meet margin calls triggered further selling. The commodity cascade began. The dollar index recovered from that point, against all logic, that said a debased currency, debased as much as the dollar had been for two decades should have crashed. Hedgies had shorted the Dollar, and gone long commodities.

After the margin calls they had to sell commodities and buy dollars, hence the dollar index increase.

Was this legal?

Certainly a clear conspiracy!

I will deal with the second part of Rob Kirbys article, relating to gold, later. 



Two cry together refreshment break.

Part 4 of the series can be read here.


It says 'written by James Higham' below. Actually, it was written by Sonus but I can't reformat the author in my template.

[dolphins] see them in context

What is it about dolphins?

Why do we tend to go all fuzzy over them, in contrast to our feelings over, say, the Great White:

An Irish article, by Graham Timmins, on Dusty the Dolphin showed me the real nature of the creature. Intended as a rebuttal of the MSM and local government paranoia over them, it nevertheless made me stop and think a bit more closely about that loveable dolphin swimming between my legs at Monkey Mia two decades back.

The article stated:

The Clare dolphin, Dusty, in particular, has been slandered right from the start and associated with ‘danger’ in almost every news report in which she has featured.

The writer sets us straight:

Only one dolphin anywhere in the world, ever, has been known to attack and kill a human being, and that was after long and repeated provocation. True, on many occasions solo bottlenose dolphins have banged into and injured people who have gone out to swim with them.

Even Fungie, who everybody thinks has a grade AA safety rating, has given a few bruises and even broken bones in his time. Dolphins are big and strong and if you encourage them to play rough with you it is at your own risk. You are in their territory and you are meeting them on their terms – which is precisely what is so good about it!

The implication that dolphins are by nature aggressive and are likely to set out to injure you, which appears again and again in press reports, is however one without any foundation and which we reject.

Dusty has been known to poke and prod people with her beak and on a few occasions people have been hit by her tail fluke, although this may not always have been deliberate. She has also closed her mouth on people’s fins, arms and legs, and on a few occasions has even used her beak to hold people underwater.

Anyone who has seen film of the Moray Firth dolphins beating up harbour porpoises will also be aware that we humans, by comparison with porpoises, are as agile in the sea and as well able to defend ourselves as a slug on a carpet. If a dolphin were to really attack you and mean it, you would simply not survive, and there is basically nothing you can do about it.

We’ve certainly seen her do this with people who have been very pushy, grabbing her fins for example, or intruding when she has been enjoying a quiet interaction with a favoured playmate, but also with apparently ‘innocent’ swimmers including children.

One scenario we have arrived at only with hindsight and after several similar occurences is that Dusty can be jealous of certain favoured swimmers and can object if they are replaced by others she doesn’t know, who she then chases out of the water. Every time we’ve seen this it has been girlfriends of male swimmers she has picked on – this may be coincidence but it’s hard to avoid the conclusion that in human terms, Dusty can be a jealous mistress!

More recently, regular Dusty swimmers have concluded that many aggressive moves by the dolphin can be linked to a battle for possession of what she sees as ‘toys’, although to us they might be useful diving masks or expensive cameras. Right from the first years she has been in the habit of carrying off such objects, including also boogie boards and fins, whenever she gets the chance. Often she will bring them back, but by no means always. Face masks have become a favourite recently and if she grabs your mask with her teeth or bangs on it, it means she wants you to take it off and give it to her!

In any case we advise that if Dusty wants something, and you’re in water out of your depth, you give it to her, unless you are prepared to argue with 250kg of solid muscle. Regulars have found that if Dusty holds them underwater, they only have to let go of whatever they are carrying and she will release them.

Dolphins appear to lose their first calves quite commonly, but her calf’s chances in this case will not have been improved by the absence of other female dolphins to act as ‘midwives’, and it may also have been that Dusty was too young anyway to be a mother. However, other dolphins are frequently sighted in the area and there are many reports of Dusty interacting with some of them; at the same time there have been several incidents when she has conspicuously avoided visiting dolphins and one in which she appeared to be kidnapped by a gang of larger males.

Having read the article now, I’m even more enamoured of the dolphin than before.

Hell, even a baby can hurt you. Anyone who’s ever had his infant beside him in bed and suddenly the tyke turns over and his arm whacks you across the moosh knows what I’m saying.

Even a woman can physically hurt you sometimes if you’re not ready. I had enough kicks and bruises, clawed out bits of cheek and bitten neck to know the danger of a woman if you don’t keep an eye on her during your little tiffs.

So a 250 kg dolphin, even a female, is going to do it her way and if you’re playing on her terms, then her behaviour goes with the territory.

So what? She’s still adorable.

[wigs] these are not worn on the head

Wing In Ground is a strange name for a type of aircraft … well, boat … allow me to explain.

My friend in Russia was once on the bank at the confluence of the mighty Kama and Volga rivers. He looked out over the water and saw a sight which blew him away.



In the distance, zooming across his line of vision were three Orlyonoks, just above water level, so they were planes flying and yet they never took off, never flew up to the sky. They were huge, carrying banks of six huge engines at the front of the fuselage and were moving twice as fast as a plane in takeoff.

Quickly he was told that it was worth his job even to mention that name, to forget what he’d seen.

As you’ve gathered, it was a surface effect craft or WIG [wing effect in ground] as they’ve come to be known for some obscure reason and they were one solution to the age old aquadynamic problem.



Let’s face it, any boat has surface area drag, i.e. the water, acting on the surface, creates friction which prevents forward movement. There are all sorts of formulae which govern aquadynamics. Someone discovered that a boat in the water [displacement craft] had severe limitations due to both this drag and a thing called a bow wave, i.e. the boat creates its own wave which it must effectively climb over to free itself.

If it can achieve this, it does what is termed ‘planing’ – it sits on top of the water and skims. This is the principle behind windsurfers, one of which currently holds the world speed record of over 50 knots. The formula for planing is:

… one and a third times the square root of the length at the water line.

Against this was the rule that the longer the boat, the higher speed or ability to overcome the bow wave. Either way though, it was an unsatisfactory situation and so conventional boat travel has always been limited in scope.

For most people, the leisurely cruise is fine but for the companies, it’s very fuel inefficient. So they had to come up with ways to break the nexus of water, surface area and drag. As you see below, there were three main solutions.


Hydrofoils

Excellent solution but they do cause instability; the picture of Hypdroptere on a lovely day illustrates the upside. Commercially, the fuel efficiency makes these craft viable.




The downside is that it crashed not long after this and broke it’s beams due to wave and wind stress. Essentially, when yours is a boat with passengers moving round, to have it suspended at three or four tiny points in the water, via blades, is dependent on the wave action at the time.

I’m sure you can see this principle in the clip below.



Hovercraft

Using banks of air thrusters below and ‘skirts’ around this to hold the air in, the boat sits on a cushion of air, which immediately gives it an advantage over the hydrofoil, in that you can move from sea to land without fuss.

The downside is cost and the necessity for the craft to be very close to the surface, making it prone to rocking in a big sea.

Surface effect

Using aeroplane technology, the craft takes off as a flying boat does but then vertically stops, riding a cushion of air created by its huge wings. You’ve noticed, when you land, that the plane pauses momentarily before finally coming to the tarmac.

This is ground effect. Watch the short clip to see it in action:



The benefits are obvious. With virtually no drag, the craft has a smooth ride and long range. You’ve probably gathered that there are disadvantages though which are explained in the clips below. You might have to click on them to read them properly.







In fact, the Russian version had those banks of engines actually angled downwards at takeoff and one version had two separate sets of engines. The huge cost of this precluded short journeys and those not carrying a large payload long distances.

Also, the craft was again subject to wave action but not only that, wind unsteadiness as well. So it needed to be very long and very heavy, to avoid flipping over, a phenomenon associated with these craft, as with the Donald Campbell speedboat.

This made them ineffective except within a narrow range of usage, mainly military.



To date, no other solution to the age old problem has become commercially viable, except perhaps for ‘outrigger technology’.

This is what I use in my designs and it works on the basis, which you can see in the craft in the pic below, of enabling a very narrow hull at waterline, broadened above for passengers. The reduction in overall area creates the efficient plus the formula of LWL versus beam getting up to the very efficient range of 14:1.

Another very clever move is that if you look at the outrigger ‘amas’, they are just logs, of neutral buoyancy, i.e. they sit on the water on their own but when pressure is put on them, they sink.



This is clever because when you have a sea coming abeam or side on, the alternate sinking and rising either side of a power boat creates overall stability and gives a smoother ride through rough seas.

To a point.

When you have very rough wind and wave action, the boat turns over and people die. You’ve all heard about Philippine ferry disasters.

The navy has been interested in both trimaran and hydrofoil technology as well, as can be see below and so the ongoing struggle for efficiency continues.





Here's one site on the subject.

Here's another. [Between the Wind and the Waves, Julian Edgar, Issue 170, 5 Mar, 2002]

[quiz for men] which flower means what

Linda Jeffery Sailors watercolour

You girls can play too!


Match the meaning with the flower or flowering plant:

The meanings

1. Treachery and Misrepresentation
2. Aphrodisiac
3. Good luck gift to a man
4. I can't live without you
5. Keeps unwanted visitors away

The flowers

Camelia, primrose, peony, lily [general], dahlia

Answers

Camelia - Good luck gift to a man Primrose - I can't live without you Peony - Aphrodisiac Lily (general) - Keeps unwanted visitors away Dahlia Treachery and Misrepresentation